Avaliação técnica e econômica da colheita florestal com feller-buncher

Abstract

The forest harvesting is the final step of a production cycle, this activity is the most undergoes the process of mechanization, and represents 50% or more of the total costs of the final timber placed in the industry, so it is necessary meet operating income and harvesting costs. In this context the main objective of this study was thus to evaluate technical and economic Feller Buncher in forest harvesting of eucalyptus wood. The study was conducted in a urograndis Eucalyptus forest, homogeneous, with six years of age, the southern state of Mato Grosso. The Feller-Buncher technical analysis discussed a study of time and motion by the continuous and part-time method. It was determined the mechanical availability, performance and operational efficiency. Operating costs schedules were divided into fixed costs - composed of: Cost depreciation, interest, insurance and taxes - and variable costs - represented by amounts corresponding to: fuel, lubricants, repairs and maintenance and hand labor. The partial element consumed most of the operational cycle time has been cut, approximately 61% of the total time. The second activity to occupy most of the operational cycle time is "directed tipped" with 27.63%, followed by activity "staff time" to 4.77%, "maintenance" to 3.63% and "maneuver" 2, 87%. There was 91.85% effectiveness, with an operating efficiency of 96.49% and a mechanical availability of 96.66%, which are classified as great percentage. The sum between fixed and variable costs resulted in total machine hours, from R $ 361.19. Effective operating income was 77.89 m³.h-1 and 254 tre / hour, this result was inferior to the waiting, this fact was mainly due to lack of operator skill and the standardization of trees cut per cycle. Improving the cutting operation planning Thus it follows that to increase the operational productivity of the wood harvesting system becomes necessary, specifically micro planning, allowing increased productivity and reduced production costs.