Prevalência de sistema ABO em pacientes com Covid-19 em uma unidade de terapia intensiva em Barra do Garças – MT

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: In 2019, a new virus from the Coronaviridae family was discovered in Wuhan, China, with a high capacity to spread between humans and reaching the level of a pandemic. The disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, called COVID-19, causes damage to the respiratory system resulting in a variety of symptoms, from mild to often fatal. Since then, several studies have raised hypotheses and sought to understand the mechanisms of action of the virus, as well as to understand the predisposing factors for the development of severe cases. Some of this research has pointed to the blood ABO system as one of the possible factors in the evolution of the disease to serious cases by COVID-19. OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between ABO blood group, gender and COVID-19, in patients hospitalized in an Intensive Care Unit. METHODOLOGY: Data obtained through the internal laboratory system of individuals admitted to an intensive care unit between March 2020 and September 2021, who had to undergo a medical-laboratory protocol of exams, were used. Among the tests included in this protocol, ABO blood typing allowed the classification of patients with phenotypes A, B, O and AB. RESULTS: hospitalized patients were mostly male, with 72.3% only 27.7% female. Of these, 43.3% of patients were classified as having type A blood phenotype, while 41.6% were type O. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that blood group A may be one of the susceptibility factors to severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, however, studies are still needed to assess the multifactorial conditions that may be associated with the risk of progression from the infectious condition to its severe form.