Excesso de peso em adultos de Cuiabá-MT : prevalência e fatores associados, segundo o Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas - VIGITEL

Abstract

Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial diase characterized by abnormal accumulation of fat, can cause damage to medium and long-term health of the population. Overweight and obesity are increasing worldwide. World Health Organization data showed that in 2014 more than 1.9 billion adults aged over 18 years were overweight and over 600 million of these adults were obese, reaching a percentage of 39% of adults overweight and obesity 13%. The projection for 2025 is that 2.3 billion adults are overweight and over 700 million is obese. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of overweight in adults and to assess factors associated. Methods: Cross-sectional population-based study that analyzed data from individuals aged ≥ 20 years, Risk and Protective Factors Surveillance System for Chronic Diseases Survey Telephone (VIGITEL), in the year 2012. We estimated the prevalence of excess weight and their respective confidence intervals of 95%, according to demography variables, economic, lifestyle, self-rated health and presence of chronic diseases. Results: The prevalence of overweight was higher in males (62.8%), with a linear increase with increasing age (p <0.001). Overweight was more prevalent among less educated individuals (p = 0.01) and among those who were married. Analyzing the population's lifestyle characteristics, it was observed higher prevalence of overweight was noted among participants who identified themselves as former smokers (p <0.01). With respect to food intake, it was found that among consumers with meat or fat with prevalence of overweight (p = 0.02). Among individuals who self-rated their health as very bad/bad there was a higher prevalence of overweight among respondents who self-reported hypertension and diabetes was also higher proportion of overweight. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight in the city of Cuiabá, according VIGITEL, in 2012 was high, increasing with age and is more common among men, in people with less education and married. Higher rates of this outcome were also observed in individuals who were former smokers, those who reported eating meat with or without fat, those who rated their health as bad/very bad and suffered from high blood pressure and diabetes. Considering the high prevalence of overweight in this population, nutrition education strategies could be adopted as a way to reduce excess weight and improve the quality of life of the population.