Caracterização anatômica macroscópica e dimensionamento de fibras de madeiras folhosas com potencial para polpa celulósica

Abstract

Due to the wide variability of species and lack of knowledge of its properties and characteristics, the objective of this study was to perform the anatomical characterization at macroscopic level and fiber sizing of Cedrinho (Erisma uncinatum Warm), Cupiúba (Goupia glabra) e Garapeira (Apuleia leiocarpa (Vog.) MAcbr). The samples were collected in the Sinop-MT trade and then identified in the laboratory, assessing the organoleptic variables and macroscopic anatomical variables and fiber relations. For the macroscopic description, specimens with dimensions of 2.0 x 2.0 x 3.0 cm were used, the samples passed through baking, smoothing and sanding, in order to obtain perfect surface to obtain photomacrographs. For the anatomical studies, the recommendations of the procedures in the anatomy of wood of COPANT (1974) and IPT (1983) were followed. In order to determine the fiber dimensions, discs were collected at the base of the tree at 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the commercial height. The leaves were prepared with macerated material, colored with aqueous solution of safranin to 1%. As a result of the macroscopic characterization of each species, these descriptions are of great assistance in the recognition and may contribute to the correct commercialization of these species. The fibers of the studied species presented average of the length and thickness of the cellular wall superior to the average of the hardwoods. Considering the indexes of the fiber relations, the studied species presented great potential to be used in the production of cellulosic pulp, however, a chemical analysis study is recommended for safety.