Propriedades físicas de grãos de soja em diferentes safras

Abstract

The physical properties of grains, by their great influence on post-harvest operations constitute an important subject of study and updates, mainly due to the constant changes in the values of these properties. These changes are due to genetic improvements or production technologies employed. In this way, the objective of this study was to evaluate the physical properties of grains of different soybean cultivars, produced in three years harvests. The properties analyzed were: one thousand grain mass, bulk density, real density, porosity and grain size and shape. The physical properties of grains presented variation over the years, being influenced mainly by the climatic conditions to which the cultivars were submitted to each crop, but with tendencies of increases. There was a significant variability between materials, which may hinder the standardization of equipment and post-harvest processes. The values bulk density and real density ranged from 623,54 to 728,26 kg m-3 and 1,111.87 to 1,705.47 kg m-3, respectively. The mass of 1,000 grains ranged from 77,34 to 144,69 g, with a general average of 131,54 g. The dispersion between values of the grain geometric diameter was 1,75 mm and the grain volume was 19,03 mm3.