Perda de peso e condições clínicas de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de bypass gástrico em Y de Roux

Abstract

Bariatric surgery, even with its invasive nature, promotes weight loss and improves non-communicable chronic diseases. Objective: To evaluate the weight loss and clinical conditions of women undergoing bariatric surgery using the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass technique. Methodology: descriptive, retrospective, quantitative approach. The study population was characterized and the weight loss of one and two years post-surgery was evaluated, as well as biochemical tests. Results: 199 medical records were evaluated. The majority of the patients were in the age group between 40 and 49 years old, had high school and were married. Grade III obesity was the most expressive nutritional status in the preoperative period. The patients' weight ranged from 129.6kg to 87.4kg in the first year and 84.7kg in the second. The Body Mass Index (BMI) reduced from 50.4kg / m² to 33kg / m² in two years. Weight loss (PP) was important in the first postoperative year, with a mean of 42.1kg, whereas in the second year, it was only 2.8kg loss in relation to the first one. The percentage of excess weight loss (PEP) was 68.1% in the first year and 72.2% in the second. In the biochemical parameters a reduction of the triglycerides, total cholesterol and fasting glycemia and increase of the HDL were registered. There were no deficiencies in vitamins and minerals (B12, D, iron and calcium). Other metabolic and biochemical parameters analyzed, even presenting a significant difference, remained with normal values. Conclusion: Bariatric surgery is a very efficient procedure for rapid PP, as it promotes marked metabolic improvement, evaluated by the general improvement of the lipid profile and glucose concentrations, providing improvements in the comorbidities associated with obesity.