Avaliação das alterações na cobertura do solo de quatro assentamentos no Norte do estado de Mato Grosso

Abstract

The colonization of the northern state of Mato Grosso was marked by the opening of the BR163 highway driven by the conversion of forests in areas destined to agricultural production, livestock and mining. Soil cover analysis can be verified by geoprocessing techniques, allowing monitoring through imaging. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate over 33 years, the changes in the use and occupation of the soil in four settlements located in the municipalities Peixoto de Azevedo and Matupá in the Norte of the Mato Grosso state. The study used data from the Mapbiomas platform, version 3.0, referring to the period 1985 to 2017. The platform offers thematic data on land use coverage, and the similar classes are reclassified according to their characteristics. Based on spatial analysis, the four settlement projects totalize 193,233.47 ha. The two projects of settlements that have the highest proportions are: PA São José da União and PA pipe I. It was observed that between the period 2000 to 2005 there was an expansion of 58,978 ha (30.61%) Agricultural area. For the period 2010 to 2015 there was a decrease in the agricultural area, while in the forest area, there was an increase, going from 35.458 ha to 50,839 ha (26.39%). There was no representativeness for the hydrographies and non-vegetated areas so that the scale influenced the evaluation. Therefore, it was possible to perceive that for the period analyzed, the four settlement projects possessed similar behavior of forest conversion, with the rest of the north of the state of Mato Grosso. These followed the modal exploration with the conversion of the forest to areas destined for agriculture.