Redes neurais artificiais : um estudo aplicado a indicadores econômico-financeiros e patrimoniais das empresas de capital aberto do setor de energia elétrica do ano de 2018

Abstract

With the commercial development and market expansion, the tools for analyzing a company have become fundamental and essential to ascertain the current financial situation of companies. The theme of this work addresses the economic-financial and patrimonial indicators, the electric energy sector and the application of analyzes by neural networks. Thus, it was defined what is the relationship between economic-financial and equity indicators with EBITDA in the Brazilian electricity sector. The objective of this study is to explain through the analysis of artificial neural networks if the financial indicators are related to EBITDA, in the Brazilian electric energy segment in the year 2018. EBITDA was chosen as a dependent variable of the research, because it is always present in the reports annual reports of publicly traded companies in recent years, and their importance in the valuation of companies and investors. As for the methodology, the research was descriptive, documentary, and case study, the method of approach was hypothetical and its approach was quantitative. The theoretical basis discussed the topics for the development of the research, such as: financial analysis of companies, performance indicators, artificial neural networks, performance evaluation and the electricity sector. In the analyzes, data were collected from 63 companies, according to the sample, and imported by Excel to the SPSS Software, which through the analysis made by the neural networks concludes that the financial indicators are related to EBITDA in approximately 95.2%. Obtaining other analyzes for the validation of the model such as: summary of case processing, summary of the model, parameter estimates, the predicted value, the residual, the importance of the independent variable and the normalized importance. Thus, validating the research hypothesis. Thus, it is suggested for future studies to use other economic-financial and equity indicators, sectors and a longer time frame to verify whether they are also related to the EBITDA indicator.