Análise da erodibilidade de solos do município Ribeirão Cascalheira - MT

Abstract

On the planet, water and soil form the basis of life, since there is no life without water. The soil is indispensable in the natural hydrological cycle, and once any factor around it changes, it can be harmed, varying the type and intensity of the damage with the characteristics of the soil. Soil erosion is a natural process that is accelerated by human intervention, and its most critical form of degradation is water erosion. For a better understanding of the factors associated with erosive processes, the study of soil erodibility is of great importance. Due to the incision of furrows and even ravines that tend to evolve to the voçoroca stage in a rural property aroundthe Piabanha River sub-basin, the present study aims to evaluate the soil's erodible potential through direct analyzes. The methodology of direct analysis of erodibility used in this study was the Slaking Test and the Modified Inderbitzen test, which analyze the reaction of the soil due to runoff, impact of rain and structural stability. To carry out the tests, soil samples were collected at two critical points of ravination and with groove incision. The soils showed different characteristics, one classified as sandy and the other classified as silty, identified as soil 1 and soil 2, respectively. When subjected to the Slaking Test, soil 1 completely disrupted and for this reason it was not subjected to the Modified Inderbitzen test. Soil 2, despite showing some disaggregation, had a behavior closer to fracturing. Soil 2 was subjected to the Modified Inderbitzen test at flows of 150 and 600 liters per hour, at inclines of 10 ° and 20 °. The study pointed out that for the same slope the loss of mass increased with increasing flow, and for the same flow the loss of mass decreased with increasing slope. As a proposal for the control of erosion at the evaluated points, it is suggested to cover the soil with synthetic material or vegetation, together with energy-dissipating devices, which act by attributing resistance to the splash effect to the soil and reducing the erosion of the surface runoff for disposal river.