A vulnerabilidade dos homens que fazem sexo com homens em relação ao HIV : uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

The first documented case of HIV/AIDS in Brazil happened in São Paulo in 1982. Brazilian epidemic centered in key populations that correspond to the majority of new HIV cases throughout the country are gays and men that have sex with men, travesty and transgender, people who use drugs and sex professionals. In this scenario, the present study had as main objective describing the vulnerabilities of men who have sex with other men, through a review of brazilian publications literature from 1987 to 2017. Thus, this research was done to literature review, this study was developed through research and online access, using as means of research the Health Virtual Library, Where they were selected by the inclusion and exclusion criteria, to seven entire brazilian papers, being carried out a detailed analysis of the content of the articles, in the cronological interval from 1987 to 2017. Data analysis was carried out through commentary of literature that discusses vulnerabilities and the risks of HIV infection in men who have sex with men, and the presentation of the data occurred by means of table and text. The results achieved showed that men who maintain bisexual relationships are more exposed to the HIV virus. Those who maintain only homosexual relationships expose themselves to risk situations in oral and anal sexual activities without the use of condom. Early iniciation of sexual life without the use of condom is also a substantial factor to get contaminated by the virus. Due to few particular studies available, it has been noted the need for more studies to be conducted that concern MSM and their vulnerability in regard to HIV/AIDS. Expansion of the knowledge about this group has great importance for the elaboration of public health policies. When this knowledge is related to the nursing area, the focus ought to be on the education and prevention for the particular group.