Estudo da regulamentação brasileira sobre os organismos geneticamente modificados com análise dos princípios de biossegurança para garantia dos alimentos derivados

Abstract

The present course conclusion work is reserved to the study of the Brazilian regulation regarding genetically modified organisms through the analysis of Law nº 11.105/2005, called Biosafety Law, for the guarantee of derived foods and, consequently, the realization of food safety. This law considers a genetically modified organism any person whose genetic material – deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) / ribonucleic acid (RNA) – has been modified by any genetic engineering technique. It is noteworthy that transgenic is a type of genetically modified organism, although the names are sometimes used synonymously in a wrong way, even by the norms. The advance in the use of this biotechnology for food production demanded the adaptation of the Law regarding biosafety, given the lack of knowledge about the possible health risks and environmental impacts that such organisms could cause. The legislator was also concerned with ensuring the consumer's right to information by standardizing the labeling of transgenic foods based on the principle of transparency, ensuring that maximum details about the product could be expressed on the labels. Contrary to the legislative evolution on the subject, there are measures aimed at curtailing this right, such as the case of Bill No. 34/2015, which intends to amend the Biosafety Law regarding mandatory information on the presence of genetically modified organisms in food. The methodology used was a literature review based on doctrinal and legislative consultations, as well as articles from online platforms. It was concluded that the national regulation on transgenics presents flaws in the categorical search for food security and biosafety, in addition to the possibility of hindering the right to information.