Avaliação das propriedades físicas e mecânicas da madeira de cinco espécies da Amazônia

Abstract

Wood is the most natural product used throughout the world, thus the knowledge of the physical and mechanical properties of wood is essential to know how to best employ the wood pieces. This study aims to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of five species of the Amazon rainforest - garapeira - Apuleia leiocarpa (J. Vogel) J. F. Macbr; cedrinho - Erisma uncinatum Warm; angelim pedra - Hymenolobium petraeum Ducke; itaúba - Mezilaurus Itauba (. Meisn) Taub. ex Mez; and cambará - Qualea sp. The tests were conducted on wood Technology Laboratory, located at the Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT) Campus Sinop. Since the samples were obtained in a sawmill Feliz Natal Mato Grosso, where they were prepared specimens were subjected to physical property testing (bulk density, porosity, equilibrium moisture content, determining the saturation point of the fibers, shrinkage and anisotropy factor) and mechanical (strength and stiffness of wood parallel compression fibers). For physical tests the samples were submerged for a period of 40 days to reach the fiber saturation point (PSF) and subsequently mentioned parameters were determined. For the mechanical tests was used universal testing machine to obtain the module of resistance and modulus of elasticity (MOR and MOE). Generally the species were of good use for various purposes, for having good bulk density and anisotropic factor considering the excellent quality of wood.