Avaliação das propriedades físicas e mecânicas das madeiras de angelim e jatobá

Abstract

The objective was to evaluate and characterize the physical and mechanical properties, By means of non-destructive testing and destructive wood Angelim (Diniza excelsa Ducke.) and Jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril L.). The tests were performed at the Federal University of the State Mato Grosso – UFMT campus Sinop, in wood technology laboratory, the samples were obtained from local sawmills, obtaining specimens from different logs. 20 pieces were fabricated with dimensions of (2.5 x 2.5 x 10 cm), 20 with other (2.5 x 2.5 x 41cm) and further with 20 (5 x 5 x 20 cm) for both species, totaling 120 pieces. The specimens for physical testing (2.5 x 2.5 x 10 cm) were subjected to water immersion for 30 days, observing the dimensional stability of the parts checking the contraction, swelling, anisotropy factor and porosity of the wood, for characterization. The other specimens were tested by means of ultrasound, which is the non-destructive method and evaluated dynamic elastic constant (EMD). After testing, mechanical testing were made parallel compression bending the fibers and obtaining the modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE), destructively on a universal testing machine. Wood Angelim was classified as mass timber specifies average, as the Jatobá was ranked high bulk density. The non-destructive method of ultrasound proved impractical compared to the destructive method in parallel compression test the fibers in wood Angelim, already in Jatobá is effective on the same test applied. In bending tests for Angelim the method is plausible to use with high correlation between the tests since the Jatoba wood of the correlation was low, not being nominated use.