Correlação entre malformações congênitas e a utilização de agrotóxicos no estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil.

Abstract

In recent years Brazil has been highlighted in the consumption of pesticides on the world stage and Mato Grosso presents itself as one of the states that most uses pesticides in its production, however pesticides are important risk factors for human and environmental health as a result of the various damages already substantiated in the literature. Objective: To associate the consumption of pesticides and the prevalence of congenital malformations in the State of Mato Grosso, from 2019 to 2020. Methodology: This is an ecological, exploratory, descriptive study with a quantitative approach. Data on congenital malformations were collected from the Live Birth Information System - SINASC and data on pesticide consumption were collected from INDEA-MT. Data were systematized in excel spreadsheets and analyzed using the SPSS 20 statistical program. Congenital malformation rates and pesticide consumption rate by inhabitants were calculated, as well as descriptive statistics. To verify the association between congenital malformation and the consumption of pesticides, the Spearman correlation test was performed. Results: A total prevalence of 5.33% of live births with congenital malformations was verified, with malformations of the musculoskeletal system being the most prevalent, with 54.9% of the total cases studied. The consumption of pesticides represented 0.54 liters and 0.56 kilograms per inhabitant, with a representative percentage of use of endocrine disruptors, with fungicides and herbicides being the most used. The correlation analysis showed a positive and strong association (r= 1.0) between the consumption of pesticides and the prevalence of congenital malformations in the population studied. Conclusion: From the results it can be concluded that congenital malformations may be related to the consumption of pesticides, presenting itself as a public health problem that needs to be addressed.