Concreto sustentável: o estudo do estado da arte

Abstract

Concrete, one of the most consumed materials by humanity, is composed of a mixture of aggregates, water, additives and cement, the latter being one of the responsible for emissions of polluting gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) in the world. With the increasing need for natural resources and the increasing environmental impact, civil construction, one of the main responsible for the grievances, seeks to reduce the damage caused. One of the alternatives is the replacement of non-renewable materials – limestone, clay, sand – with abundant sources. The sustainable concrete, made with the incorporation of natural and recyclable inputs (rice husk ash, stone powder, recycled aggregates), is a possibility to remedy these losses, as it allows cost reduction, water and energy; promotes a new direction for construction waste and a lower consumption of raw materials. The present work aims to analyze its technical and economic feasibility, detailing the types available in the literature, evaluating advantages and disadvantages, and presenting a comparative study between conventional concrete and sustainable concrete. In order to show that the use of materials does not conventional and recycled can supply part of the demand of natural resources non-renewable, reducing the impact generated on the environment and bringing a bigger economy.