Utilização de resíduos agrícolas para o cultivo de Pleurotus Ostreatus na região de Barra do Garças-MT

Abstract

The consumption of edible mushrooms are excellent sources of protein, essential amino acids, several vitamins and minerals, and low in fat, nucleic acids, sugars and calories. Its cultivation fits very well in sustainable agriculture and has several advantages such as the reuse of agricultural waste products, generation of value from by-products that would previously be discarded, use of the residual substrate as a soil conditioner, besides being a source of income for family farmers. The productivity of Pleurotus ostreatus (White Shimeji) cultivated in four substrates was evaluated: corn silage, mombaça grass, sugar cane bagasse and rice husk (all used in pure form). The choice of the substrates tested is justified by the easy acquisition of residues in the region of Barra do Garças and in the state of Mato Grosso. The substrates were submitted to cold pasteurization for 12 consecutive hours and then drained for another 12 hours. After this procedure, they were inoculated with mycelium of white Shimeji and then packed in 1kg polyethylene bags, perforated with a 3.5 mm needle, and placed in the incubation room for 15 consecutive days (360 hours). The following variables were analyzed: development time of the primordia (small structures of approximately 2 mm that will start the formation of the fruiting body); quantity of mushrooms produced per package and biological efficiency (considering the best weight of the product in natura). To obtain the best productivity the corn silage was the most indicated for the cultivation of white Shimeji, reaching 152.8 g in the first production flow.