Estado nutricional de idosos internados em unidade de terapia intensiva : estudo retrospectivo de corte transversal

Abstract

Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study with secondary data collected from the nutritional evolution charts of critically ill elderly patients in a hospital in Cuiabá-MT in the year 2016. The variables collected were demographic variables, dietary management, biochemical tests, global subjective assessment (SGA) and outcome (mortality, discharge and transfer). Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status of critically ill elderly patients at hospitalization and outcome and correlate with length of stay and ICU mortality. Results: A total of 220 elderly patients, mean age 74 ± 9.3, were evaluated. At admission, 26.95% (n = 59) of the patients had already hospitalized severe malnourished patients and at the end of the study the value increased to 37.4% (n = 82). The mean length of hospital stay was 11.6 ± 12.2 (1-75) days and the ICU mortality occurred in 34.3% (n = 76) of the elderly. Patients who had malnourished patients were older (p = 0.02), had lower serum albumin (p <0.01), higher c-reactive protein (p = 0.04), higher PCR / albumin ratio p = 0.01) and lactate also higher (p = 0.01). Patients classified as malnourished were longer hospitalized (p <0.01). The ICU mortality was higher among the severely malnourished elderly than those who were not severely malnourished, 61/138 (44.2%) vs 13/78 (16.7%), and these patients were 3.9 times more likely to die (OR 3.96, 95% CI, 1.99-7.84, p <0.001). Conclusion: About 25% of critically ill elderly patients are hospitalized for severe malnutrition, which increases to almost 40% in the outcome, which contributes to an increase in length of stay and mortality in the ICU.