Efeito da infecção por Leishmania amazonensis nos parâmetros reológicos e na função vascular em animais BALB/C

Abstract

Leishmaniasis (LC) is a form of fashionable treatment for several species of Leishmania, and can evolve to a diffuse form when increased by the Leishmania agent. In general, they can cause blood circulation problems that can cause the figurative elements of the blood and hemorrheological changes, which can contribute to cardiovascular diseases. Although a disease is associated with skin and mucous membranes, the morphological change is vascular and can cause tissue tissue in the vasculature. However, an analysis of important hemorheological parameters and vascular function associated with this progression are still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of Leishmania amazonensis infection progression on rheological parameters and vascular function. Male mice of the BALB/C strain (25-30g), aged 8-16 weeks were used. The parasite L. amazonensis was inoculated at a concentration of 106 subcutaneously in the hind paw of the animals, kept for 30 or 60 days of infection. Control animals were inoculated with saline solution and maintained for the same periods. Blood was obtained by cardiac puncture for rheological analysis in the rheometer equipment. Mesenteric segments were submitted to vascular reactivity to obtain vascular contraction and relaxation responses. The statistic was determined by the One-Way ANOVA test and Tukey's post-test. Approval by the Ethics Committee in the use of animals of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (CEUA-UFMT) under number 23108.920630/2017- 56. The flow curve decreased in infected animals between 30 days and 60 days of infection (control = 1102.68 ± 152.91 vs. infected 30 days = 732.52 ± 50.53 vs. infected 60 days 773.90 ± 17.92). In contrast, the infection promoted an increase in blood viscosity as the disease progressed (control = 0.0034 ± 0.0002 vs. infected 30 days = 0.0042 ± 0.0003 vs. infected 60 days = 0.0050 ± 0.0006). LC infection caused increased vasoconstriction within 30 days and 60 days of infection (control = 106,400 ± 5,022 vs. infected 30 days = 128,800 ± 5,509 vs. infected 60 days = 153,900 ± 6,203), with greater dysfunction associated with progression of the disease. There was an increase in the percentage of relaxation in the mesenteric arteries of animals with 60 days of infection (control = 39.71 ± 1,824 vs. infected 30 days = 41,270 ± 1,458 vs. infected 60 days = 56,550 ± 1,671), while there was a reduction of relaxation in the arteries previously incubated with L-name (endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), within 30 days of infection, compared to the control group (control = 30.6900 ± 0.2880 vs. infected 30 days = 21.8600 ± 0.3926 vs. infected 60 days = 33.6200 ± 1.0400 ). Changes were found in the rheological parameters and in the vascular function of animals infected by L. amazonensis, which can be worsened as the disease progresses. In the future, the analysis of these parameters in affected patients may serve as an important method for monitoring and preventing blood and cardiovascular complications. Thus, this study may help to improve epidemiological control, monitoring, prevention and treatments aimed at the changes caused by this infection.