Produtos derivados de tabaco como interferente em análises laboratoriais

Abstract

Tobacco and its derivatives are harmful to health, and can trigger changes in the organs and systems of the human body, and these can be reflected in laboratory tests, which are an important tool for diagnosing diseases. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the consumption of tobacco and derived products and the possible alterations or interferences observed in laboratory tests. This article is a bibliographic review, with the selection of national scientific articles found in the database of the platforms PubMed, Lilacs, Scielo, Science Direct and Google Scholar, including studies published after 2000. In the studied period, studies with alterations and/or interferences in laboratory tests were observed, due to tobacco use. The hematology area was predominant. The relationship between the consumption of tobacco products with changes in laboratory tests is based on the central and peripheral action of nicotine, as well as its synergism with the action of carbon monoxide, making it a risk factor for the emergence of various diseases. In three studies, it was observed that these parameters remained unchanged, due to the reduced number of smoking volunteers, the decrease in the daily amount and time of exposure to tobacco, among other factors. The studies made it possible to identify that tobacco consumption can cause changes in laboratory tests, but more comprehensive and in-depth studies are still needed to assess this relationship, as well as to address the effect of other types of tobacco products on the Brazilian population.