Resistência a penetração e condutividade elétrica na cultura do milho

Abstract

Corn is of great importance for food production and for agribusiness, its production depends on the productive capacity of the soil. The advancement of agriculture along with the intensive machinery and agricultural implements with a disordered traffic, favoring the soil resistance to penetration being the process in which occurs the reduction of porosity and increase of soil density. To identify this variability, a study of the area is required. Precision agriculture aims at crop management taking into account temporal and spatial variability of yield indices, using tools such as yield maps, soil electrical conductivity, soil penetration resistance, aerial imagery, geostatistics and others. The objective of this work was to identify the spatial variability of penetration resistance, electrical conductivity, vegetation index by normalized difference in corn crop and its correlations. The studied area has 59.5 hectares, where a total of 460 points for soil resistance to penetration was performed. Electrical conductivity was measured by a low cost implement based on the four-point method. For the NDVI calculation we used Landsat 8 images for V7 and V8 of maize crop. Soil layers that presented semivariogram adjustment showed a moderate degree of spatial dependence, the correlation was significant for cone index and ECs, cone index and NDVI.