Tecnologias de otimização de desmonte de rocha para evitar ultralançamentos (Flyrock).

Abstract

Rock blasting is one of the main stages of the mining process, in mineral extraction, which has a direct influence on the unit operations of loading, transport and improvement of the enterprise. The main impacts resulting from rock blasting with the use of explosives are: flyrock, dust, gases, vibration and noise. As a rule, flyrocks make the effects of their use more noticeable, subject to greater technical attention from the professionals responsible for the dismantling. Being it, one of the biggest causes of deaths related to the use of explosives. Therefore, it constitutes a great risk in this cover of work. In view of the above, the present study aims to present the rock blast optimization technologies to avoid flyrock to the surrounding areas in front of the mine target of detonation of mining projects and to present a proposal for the optimization of rock blasting in the sky. open for their control and eradication. For this, bibliographic surveys were carried out on the subjects and main causes of ultra-launching (flyrock) in open-air blasting and mitigation techniques for their control. For a better analysis of the scenario regarding the occurrences of flyrock and the use of optimization technologies used in mining enterprises, a field survey was carried out, through the application of a questionnaire to professionals and students in the sector. Then, the optimization proposal is presented and its main contribution in the optimization process is discussed, with emphasis on flyrock control. As a result, it was noted that the technologies present in the optimization proposal were unknown by a significant number of respondents (professionals and undergraduates). Finally, the proposal to optimize flyrock control will serve as a catalog for these future and already professionals in the segment. With the introduction of these technologies, it is possible to reduce uncertainty and, in certain cases, eliminate it. Also allowing to reduce costs, increase productivity and mine safety.