Análise bioquímica e nutricional de ratos Wistar tratados com açúcar demerara

Abstract

The increase in the consumption of high-calorie foods has contributed to the epidemic of chronic non-communicable diseases, especially in the consumption of carbohydrates in the form of added sugars, which compromise the regulation of energy balance. The lack of information on metabolic disorders linked to the use of demerara sugar act in response to a public health concern. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional and metabolic biomarkers of Wistar rats treated with a liquid diet with two concentrations of demerara sugar. Twenty-nine Wistar rats were treated for 28 days with food and water (CT group, n = 9); or treated with rodent food and liquid diet of demerara sugar solution, at concentrations of 7% (T7 group, n = 10) and 15% (T15 group, n = 10), all ad libitum. To investigate the glycemic profile, the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed on days 0 and 28 of treatment. The naso-anal length, body weight, solid and liquid consumption in 24 hours were measured weekly. After 28 days of treatment, the rats were anesthetized and decapitated for collection of whole blood, later separation of the blood serum for determination of serum biochemical parameters. In addition, the heart, liver, kidneys and periepididymal fat were removed and weighed to estimate the relative weight. All results were analyzed with a statistical significance limit of 5%. Rats treated with demerara sugar showed an increase in energy consumption during treatment, consequently deregulating energy intake, suggesting lipogenesis and excess adipose tissue deposits, which is directly related to the degree of glucose intolerance. In addition, there was an increase in relative liver weight and a decrease in renal mass in the group of T7 rats, in addition to high total cholesterol and triglycerides. The group treated with 15% liquid diet showed a decrease in heart, liver and kidney weight, as well as an increase in triglycerides and a decrease in total cholesterol. Therefore, it can be concluded that the treatment of demerara sugar in the liquid diet at concentrations of 7% and 15% showed negative changes in the analyzed parameters, which could lead to glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia and obesity.