Avaliação dos efeitos da liraglutida no esvaziamento gástrico, adiposidade e dislipidemia de ratos obesos

Abstract

Obesity is a chronic and complex disease of multifactorial etiology; has several clinical complications and can lead to premature mortality. The obesity rate has increased in recent years and the trend is that this number will continue to increase. Weight loss is recommended to reduce the complications of obesity and improve quality of life. However, there are some challenges for this weight reduction and in some cases it is necessary to use drugs for the treatment of obesity. Liraglutide is a drug widely used and approved in several countries for the treatment of obesity, which acts as human GLP-1 and was initially used to treat type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of liraglutide on gastric emptying, adiposity and dyslipidemia in obese rats. For this, the obesity model used was through the administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG). For 30 days, a dose of 1200 μg/kg of liraglutide was administered to the treated group (N=8) and saline to the control group (N=10). To evaluate gastric emptying, the Alternating Current Biosusceptometry (BAC) technique was used at 15- minute intervals for 6 hours. To define the specific rate of weight gain, monitoring was performed from day 0 to day 30. At the end of treatment, the animals were euthanized and whole blood and adipose tissue were collected for serum analysis and adiposity index. Treatment with liraglutide caused delayed gastric emptying in treated animals and a greater reduction in weight and body fat. It also decreased triglycerides and HDL cholesterol values. Therefore, we can conclude that the drug was able to promote weight loss by delaying gastric emptying, which increases satiety due to the time the food remains in the stomach, in addition to having the ability to decrease triglycerides and HDL.