Tuberculose em crianças e adolescentes em Mato Grosso: um estudo epidemiológico com abordagem espaço-temporal

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an old disease that is still considered a serious public health

issue. In 2021, the State Department of Health of Mato Grosso issued an epidemiological alert

for TB in children under 9 years of age, given that 60 municipalities in Mato Grosso recorded

high incidence rates in this population (SES, 2021). Objective: To evaluate the spatial pattern

of TB and identify municipalities with greater vulnerability related to the indicator"incidence

rate" of the disease in children and adolescents in the state of Mato Grosso. Methods: This is

an ecological study carried out with notified cases of TB in children aged 0 to 15 years from

2012 to 2021, in the state of Mato Grosso (MT). Data on TB cases were obtained by the

Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), through the Data Repository of Information

Systems of the Mato Grosso State Department of Health (DwWeb/SES-MT). The population was collected through the DATASUS TabNet -Information Technology at the Service of the SUS, in the period of 2012. The indicator referring to the incidence of TB was calculated annually for the entire study period and for each municipality in the state of Mato Grosso, through the calculation of basic indicators for health in Brazil by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO, 2008). In order to carry out the spatial distribution, the incidence rate was calculated and the result was divided by ten, to identify the average incidence rate in cach municipality. The data were geoprocessed together with the shapefile that represents the

geographic mesh of the state of Mato Grosso. Software ArcGIS version 10.8 was used to

prepare the spatial distribution map. Results: 921 cases of TB were identified in children and adolescents aged up to 15 years. After excluding the variable change of diagnoses and duplicates, 849 reported cases of the disease in residents of MT remained. The majority were male (n473), aged between 1 and 4 years and of indigenous race. The municipalities that stood out with the highest average incidence rates are Campinápolis and Nova Nazaré. Conclusion:

The research allowed knowing the sociodemographic profile and the clinical-operational

variables of children and adolescents affected by TB, as well as the municipalities with the

highest incidence rates in the state of Mato Grosso. It was possible to show that the most

affected population is the indigenous, between 1 and 4 years old, male.