A tutela do meio ambiente pelo estado e a proteção dos recursos hídricos

Abstract

This work exposes an investigation into how the State protects the environment, as well as the protection of water resources, in view of the environmental crisis we face today. At first, we start from the hypothesis that this crisis mentioned has its origin in the excessive intervention of man in nature. The imminent depletion of natural resources, and the negative consequences of environmental degradation and pollution, led to the realization of the need to regulate human activity in the environment. Environmental Law aims to ensure dignified living conditions for present and future generations. Article 225 of the Magna Carta of 1988 contains the fundamental guideline for a balanced relationship between man and the environment. And in the concept of an “ecologically balanced” environment adopted, there is water, which makes up this medium, making it clear the need to regulate its use, in order to observe the ecological balance, as well as its rational and efficient use sustainable. Being notorious, that water is necessary in all senses of life, and that the generalized scarcity, the gradual destruction and the worsening of the pollution of the water resources demand the planning and the integrated management of these resources. In Brazil, the National Water Resources Policy Law, instituted by Law No. 9,433/1997, established instruments for the management of water resources and created the Water Resources Management System. Therefore, from the research methodology adopted, the descriptive research method will be used, and will have a qualitative approach, where it was sought through bibliographical research to examine Laws, Decrees, Ordinances, Resolutions, Scientific Journals and articles in the area of Law Environment and Sustainable Development. It was concluded that the management of water resources is presented as a participatory administration proposal to be carried out with the use of economic instruments, among which the charging for the use of water stands out. Therefore, the implementation of water resources management is a gradual political process with successive stages of improvement, respecting the aspects of each Brazilian basin or region.