A importância da memória em Bergson : uma crítica ao determinismo associacionista

Abstract

The objective of the present work is to present the main reflections of the philosopher Henri Bergson on memory and its links in the metaphysical and scientific fields. We observed that the act of remembering the facts that occurred constitutes an important mental faculty of human beings and that orders their existence. Thus, memory, since antiquity, arouses interest in the attempt to understand it. The philosopher created an intuitive method of apprehending knowledge in the search for an understanding of what memory is. This method is based on 04 basic notions: memory, duration, elan and intuition. This study was carried out through analysis and literature review of works related to the subject, with emphasis on Matter and Memory (1896) by Bergson. Its theoretical approaches made it possible to understand that lived time is unpredictable in a continuous flow and that past and present coexist in the human spirit and open to the future. And that there is a system of concomitant existence, where the present acts and does not cease to pass, while the past does not stop being, providing conditions for all the present to pass through it. Bergson showed that memory actualized in image differs profoundly from pure memory, for the image is a present state, and can only participate in the past through the memory from which it emerged. And through his ideas, a new philosophy was established to expand man's spiritual dimension and confirm his right to freedom.