Efeitos da suplementação de bocaiuva (Acrocomia aculeata (Jaqc.) Lodd. ex Mart.) em parâmetros relacionados à função renal e oxidativos de ratos

Abstract

Acrocomia aculeata is a palm tree with predominance in the Brazilian Cerrado and Pantanal, its fruits are popularly known as Bocaiuva and present in its composition high concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids and bioactive compounds, the latter being considered molecules of high antioxidant activity which contribute to the reduction of some pathologies. The kidney is an organ responsible for performing important metabolic functions in the body and is highly sensitive to damage caused by reactive species, which when present in excess in the body can lead to acute or chronic renal failure, requiring adequate treatment for their reversal. . With this approach, the main objective of this work was to study the effects of the ingestion of lyophilized flour from the pulp of Acrocomia aculeata on the renal and oxidative parameters of rats. We used 24 male Wistar rats, which were randomly divided into 3 groups: Control Group (C), Supplemented Group 250 (S250) and Supplemented Group 500 (S500). The groups were supplemented by the orogastric gavage technique: group C received the vehicle (distilled water), while groups S250 and S500 received the extract of lyophilized flour from the pulp of Acrocomia aculeata at concentrations of 250 and 500 mg/ kg of the animal, respectively. The experiment lasted 28 days and at the end the kidneys, blood and urine samples were collected for oxidative and enzymatic analysis. Data were presented as mean ± mean standard error (ANOVA-1way; p<0.05). The animals in groups C, S250 and S500 did not show differences related to their body parameters (final weight, weight gain and daily weight gain), nor differences related to relative and total water intake, relative and daily urinary flow and their total and relative weight. The content of lipids, triglycerides and cholesterol were similar between the animals. Urinary and serum creatinine and urinary urea rates remained constant between groups, whereas plasma urea showed a reduction of 21% in the S500 supplemented group. Regarding the oxidative parameters, it was observed that the concentration of carbonylated proteins did not present a statistical difference between the groups. On the other hand, lipid peroxidation levels were 20% lower in groups S250 and S500, when compared to group C. The activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes were 42% and 48% higher in group S250, respectively, when compared to group control. Renal glutathione reductase activity was similar between groups, however glutathione peroxidase activity increased by 70% in the kidneys of animals that were supplemented with a dose of 250 mg, compared to group C, and by 24% in compared to those supplemented with a dose of 500 mg/kg of the animal. These results demonstrate that the ingestion of Bocaiuva pulp flour at a dose of 250 mg caused an improvement in the renal antioxidant system of these animals, due to low lipid peroxidation combined with an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, suggesting the possibility of the regulated use of the solution of Lyophilized mouthwash for renal therapeutic purposes.