Repercussões maternas da associação entre o diabete e a doença periodontal na prenhez de ratas

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease responsible for causing endocrine-metabolic abnormalities due to insufficient secretion of insulin in the pancreas and/or causing insulin deficiency in target tissues, leading to hyperglycemic conditions. the onset of periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is an inflammatory process that can lead to alveolar bone resorption and be aggravated during pregnancy. However, the maternal results of the association of both diseases during pregnancy are not clear. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify the maternal effects of the association between diabetes and periodontal disease during pregnancy. For this, moderate diabetes was induced in females 24 hours after birth by administration of Streptozotocin and confirmed after 110 days (adult life) by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The rats were mated and, with a positive diagnosis of pregnancy (day 0), periodontitis was induced by ligation of the lower left first molar. Pregnant rats were divided into four experimental groups (n=12 rats/group): Control, Periodontitis, Diabetics and Diabetes+Periodontitis. Body weight, water intake and feed intake were evaluated weekly and, on the 17th day of pregnancy, TOTG was evaluated again. On the 21st day of pregnancy, the rats were anesthetized for collection of maternal blood to evaluate biochemical parameters and submitted to laparotomy for collection of organs and analysis of maternal reproductive performance. Histological analyzes of the hemimandible were performed to assess alveolar degradation. The group associated with DM and periodontitis showed an increase in glycemia, relative weight of the pancreas and spleen, serum concentrations of triglycerides, VLDLcholesterol and ALT, in addition to the percentage of losses before and after implantation. Therefore, these findings demonstrate that the association between diabetes and periodontitis causes negative maternal impacts in relation to the analyzed parameters, mainly leading to the appearance of dyslipidemia and pre- and post-implantation losses.