Breve revisão sobre toxicidade de nanopartículas de interesse biomédico

Abstract

The topic of nanotechnology is one of the most well-known technological areas today, reaching unparalleled levels of popularity. Numerous significant technological advancements are the result of this. There aren't many toxicological research on this topic, though. The goal of this research is to analyze any potential negative consequences of nanobiotechnology and the use of nanoparticles. In order to achieve this, articles on this subject from 2013 to 2023 that were published in journals with both national and international circulation and used the keywords "nanoparticles," "nanotoxicology," and "biotoxicity" were found in the Google Scholar and Scielo databases. Numerous studies have shown that nanoparticles can go through different biological systems and activate the immune system. Some people even discover nanoparticle-caused diseases with symptoms in some organ deposits. The primary harms caused by metal oxide The main health risks associated with metal oxide nanoparticles are autoimmune, cardiocirculatory, respiratory, and neurological illnesses. There might be interaction with DNA in more complicated situations. However, drug delivery systems using nanospheres and nanocapsules have been successful. There are numerous cosmetic uses as well. In nanotechnology, the creation of biocompatible materials and biological markers also benefits human health. There is still no legislation governing the extensive usage and deployment of nanoparticles in Brazil. The development and widespread usage of nanoparticles and nanomaterials must take place in a sustainable and safe manner given the risks associated with this type of technology. As a result, it is essential that regulations be put in place for matters pertaining to health and the environment.