Alterações clínicas, metabólicas e eritrocitárias em felinos com doença do trato urinário inferior

Abstract

DTUIF represents one of the main affections that affect domestic cats. The clinical presentation of the patients is related to the severity of the metabolic changes developed, mainly after the obstruction process. Urethral obstruction induces azotemia, metabolic acidosis and hyperkalaemia which can lead to systemic complications, such as renal, cardiovascular and anemia disorders. The present study aimed to analyze the clinical, metabolic, erythrocyte changes and hematuria observed in the DTUIF, influencing the occurrence of anemia in cats with or without urethral obstruction. Thirty-five cats, 15 without urethral obstruction and 20 with different ages, races and sex were included in the research. Mild normochromic macrocytic anemia was observed in only one feline (2.85%). Significant difference was observed in the Average Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (CHCA), creatinine, urea, iron, blood pH, BE and potassium between the two groups (p <0.05). Moderate positive and significant correlation was observed between red blood cells and iron binding capacity (CLF) (r = 0.55; p = 0.037), hematocrit and CLF (r = 0.52; p = 0.035) in G1 and HCO³ and hemoglobin (r = 0.68; p = 0.048) in G2. Moderate but significant negative correlation between the variables red blood cells in urine and iron (r = -0.64, p = 0.003) and red blood cells in urine and transferrin (r = -0.714; p = 0.0005) in G1. It can be concluded that the metabolic changes observed in cats with urethral obstruction, such as azotemia, hyperkalaemia and metabolic acidosis did not result in a decrease in hematological parameters, however, they caused a decrease in the serum iron concentration that, associated with hematuria, may indirectly induce anemia.