Sobre a produção de subjetividade no espectador fílmico : o processo de identificação cinematográfica para a psicanálise

Abstract

Once the dark room of the movie theater provides some anonymity and invite us to enter in the privacy of others, many operating procedures of the psychic apparatus, both primary and secondary, are started by transforming the individual in a personal and subjective way, consciously and unconsciously, temporarily or a more lasting effect. Remains to psychoanalysts to develop methods to study the full potential and specific mechanisms of the identificational process through film projection. Based on a literature search of concepts to support the identificational process in cinema through the prism of psychoanalysis, we look for a broader definition of the process and a greater understanding of the potential, the catalysts and the consequences that this identificational process might have on the individual and the society. To compose an enlightening overview on the chosen topic within the context of psychological theories and through which permeate the symbolic, considering the identification as the main process for the construction of the human individual, taking into account the number of temporary identities to which the modern subject is exposed in their daily lives, the film potential to reduce the tension that acts on the psyche, taking the viewer the sensation of pleasure, and the cathartic and liberating characteristic when it serves to discharge tensions. Freudian concepts as narcissism, scopophilia and voyeurism were also collected, and the ambivalence of the self in the film context, since the viewer reinforces its own self while there is a temporary suspension of it. This cinema "liberator of the subconscious" that encourages associations and has great evocative potential of latent and repressed content, promotes a greater level of suggestibility and a greater propensity to an emotional bond by the viewer. Once in this context the critical faculties have the tendency to diminish, they also improve the power of alienation, where a film session may proliferate ideologies and political ideas. This study highlight the need for further studies on the mechanisms, the potentialities and the processes triggered by a film session by psychoanalysts and Cinema Theorists to achieve a greater understanding of the construction of the modern individual.