Caracterização de resíduo de rocha basáltica como potencial remineralizador

Abstract

Brazil, being one of the main producers of agricultural commodities, has in the state of Mato Grosso a major representative in this exportation. However, the country still requires significant imports of fertilizers. In this context, mining residues can be a viable alternative for the production of agricultural inputs. Through rock-dusting techniques for agricultural use, the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock - MAPA regulates these products, especially the category of remineralizers, according to Normative Instruction No. 05 of 2016. This study aims to characterize a mining residue as a potential remineralizer. To achieve this, the specificities for categorizing this residue as a remineralizing product were analyzed, along with a literature review on the subject. The methodology involves the evaluation of two samples of basalt mineral residues from the state of Mato Grosso, considering physical characterization tests such as particle size distribution, specific mass, and percentage of moisture. Chemical studies consisted of quantitative and specific evaluations of their micro and macronutrients for agricultural use. The results obtained were compared with the requirements of IN 05 of 2016, highlighting their specificities regarding the nature, maximum concentration of toxic elements, minimum levels of nutrients that can be declared, and requirements for micro and macronutrients. It was concluded that the product does not meet the parameters of macro and micronutrients required by legislation. However, it still presents agronomic potential to be used as rock powder. The study emphasizes the importance of research for fertilizer autonomy in the country and the relevance of sustainable agriculture, as well as mining allied to the circular economy.