Uma avaliação da latência em redes 5G, 4G e wi-fi por servidores locais da UFMT

Abstract

The 4G, 5G communication technologies, and Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) technology, combinedwith fiber optic data transmission technology and various high-efficiency servers, enablehighinternet bandwidth, easy access, and improved communication across them. Accordingtostudies and tests, latency is an important factor, and on average, the newer generationsachieve lower latency due to improved transmission efficiency, whether it is mobilecommunication or local Wi-Fi. These new technologies have fewer hops betweenservers,reducing latency, and improving access in certain cases such as autonomous vehicles, remoteaccess, cloud gaming, etc. Based on the previous information, this article will provideacomparative latency evaluation using sent packets to assess the latency of each andmakeacomparison among them in a local context (UFMT), whether it is 4G, 5G, or Wi-Fi. Thiscomparison is essential to demonstrate the advancements and improvements inthecommunication system and better enable its use, such as connecting more devices, increasingthe speed limit, and reducing latency for precision applications, including universitystudies,technological research, automation and control, online classes (video calls), etc. As aresult ofthe latency evaluations, an understanding of how the network can affect the end-user intermsof quality of service and experience (QoS and QoE). In the case of 5G and Wi-Fi 6, thereisanimprovement in average speed and a decrease in average latency compared to their respectiveprevious generations, which exhibited higher latency. It can be concluded that bothmobileand fixed networks yield better results in a local context, encompassing lower latencyandconsequently higher speed, without freezing or delays, thereby improving user access inbothcases. For 5G, both internal and external usage yielded satisfactory results. In thecaseofprevious generations (4G and Wi-Fi), there are frequent latency fluctuations, packet loss, andconsequently lower Wi-Fi speed. In the case of 4G, the signal is unstable, resultinginhigherlatency and lower speed, making external usage viable only as it was not possible toevaluateinternal usage.