Sistema de cultivo na população de fitonematoides

Abstract

The minimum cultivation system comprehend in reducing the use of agricultural machinery on the soil, with the purpose of less revolving and compaction. Prioritize the species or cultivars that do not promote the multiplication of soybean pathogens/pests ensures the effectiveness of the purposes of the technique. This work intends to evaluate the effect of agricultural systems on the soybean culture and in the phytonematodes population. The collects were carried out in the experimental field installed at the Muller farm, in the city of Nova Xavantina-MT. Soil was collected at the soybean R5 stage, in the rainy season, in the harvest of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020; with the aid of a straight shovel, at a depth of 15 cm and packed in identified polyethylene bags. Three simple samples per installment were collected for analysis. Jenkins' method (1964) was used to mapping phytonematodes in soil; and for root nematode, the method of Coolen and D'Herde (1972). The phytonematodes Pratylenchus brachyurus, Meloidogyne sp. and Helicotylenchus sp. were found in the samples. Due to the antagonism of the crotalaria culture, in the harvest of 2019/2020, there was a reduction in the nematode population. Based on the above considerations, the need to avoid planting corn and/or leaving the area in fallow land with uncontrolled weeds was evident; so it will not cause an increase in the population of nematodes.