Rotação de culturas para conservação do solo em diferentes cenários brasileiros

Abstract

Soil is a natural resource whose characteristics favor the cultivation of plants in order to obtain food or raw material for them. The process of soil formation takes place over time from the rocks of origin in each region of the world, which, through weathering, tends to characterize the soil and make it suitable or unsuitable for cultivation. Some correction and fertilization techniques were developed in some cases. As They have seen emerging over time soil management strategies in order to conserve and increase soil fertility, this with no-tillage and crop rotation becomes possible and economically sustainable. The objective of the present review is to contrast several published studies on the efficiency of crop rotation, species diversity and methods the have become efficient in soil maintenance and nutrient recycling throughout Brazil. Cover crops such as green manure and straw improve soil attributes, both Chemical with increase in the C/N ratio, formation of organic matter, nutrient cycling, and physical and biological, with increased porosity, reduced erosion and better conditions for microbiota development. It is Always necessary to observe the main objective When performing crop rotation, in order to choose more assertively the plant species used, whether grass or legume, in order to reach the result in a shorter period of time