Análise espaço temporal do desmatamento e distribuição dos focos de calor na microrregião de Sinop, do estado de Mato Grosso (2013 – 2022)

Abstract

The microregion of Sinop stands out in the Brazilian economic scenario due to the significant increase in grain production and activities linked to the agricultural and livestock sector over the years. In this context, the objective of this work is to analyze the spatial-temporal relationship between heat foci and deforestation in the micro-region (2013-2022). Geospatial data of deforestation and heat foci analyzed with the Kernel density estimator were used. By combining the data of heat foci with deforestation, the growth of these two parameters was recorded, with 24,487 heat foci recorded between 2013 and 2022, ranging from 1,662 in 2013 to 3,852 in 2022, representing an increase of 57%. In the 10 years of study, it was found that the municipalities with the highest incidences of hotspots were Marcelândia (5,741) and Feliz Natal (5,463) and the lowest rates were recorded in Vera (648) and Nova Santa Helena (903). The deforested areas increased during the monitored period, totaling 2,695.58 km². Municipalities such as Marcelândia (653.37 km²) and Feliz Natal (541.01 km²) showed high rates of deforestation, while the lowest rates were in Vera (52.12 km²) and Nova Santa Helena (55.51 km²). The occurrence of hotspots can be linked to agricultural expansion, opening of new roads, deforestation and weather phenomena. One of the causes of the increase in deforestation may have been the reduction in the transfer of funds and public policies aimed at the environment by the Federal Government. However, further studies are needed to better understand the factors that influence the dynamics of hotspots in the micro-region.