Avaliação do perfil glicêmico de ratos Wistar submetidos ao tratamento com sacarose e extrato aquoso da insulina vegetal (Cissus sicyoides)

Abstract

Since the second half of the 20th century, the processed foods, including added sugars, are extremely high in calories and are still used by many consumers due to their high palatability, but the number of chronic diseases developing has also increased, with emphasis on food intolerance. glucose and insulin resistance. On the other hand, there has been a growth in phytotherapy, with its use in health treatments applied to the population, with emphasis on curtain ivy (Cissus sicyoides), as it is highly used after as a hypoglycemic agent. The objective of this study was to analyze the glycemic profile of Wistar rats chronically treated with an aqueous extract (AE) of C. sicyoides plus with the continuous supply of sweetened water. The AE was first prepared. Then, 20 animals were separated into four groups: C-, C+, I100 and I200. All animal ethics committee protocols were followed, with food and water offered ad libitum, in addition to the presence of an enriched environment. Thus, the exposure period began, in which animals in groups C+, I100 and I200 were exposed ad libitum to sugar water at a concentration of 10% over a total of 69 days, while group C- received only water filtered. At the end of this stage, the period of treatment with EA began, the groups C+ and C- were treated with water via gavage without AE, while I100 and I200 received AE in daily doses of 100 and 200mg/Kg, respectively. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured in all rats [before (day -1) and after (day 27) treatment]. All animals were subjected to the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and the Insulin Tolerance Test (TTI), in which the Area Under the Curve, Glycemic Rate Per Minute, was measured based on the blood glucose levels measured; and the Glycemic Uptake Index submitted only in data from the TTI. All data were statistically analyzed with 5% significance. Among the results obtained, a reduction in Fasting Glycemia was found on the 27th day when compared to day -1 of groups C-, I100 and I200, but without differences in the TOTG and its derived calculations. Furthermore, a glycemic drop was observed in the TTI of all groups at time 60', followed by a decrease in the Glycemic Rate per Minute in relation to the Fasting-15' period, in addition to the group of I200 rats decreasing blood glucose at the 30'–60' compared to 15'–30' ingtervals. Thus, this study concludes that EA from C. sicyoides, at the doses tested, has a hypoglycemic effect on fasting glycemia at the lowest dose and sensitized insulin action at the highest dose, suggesting further studies with higher doses of AE to counterbalance the burden of glucose received during treatment.