Avaliação da adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de trigo pelos métodos AMMI e GGE biplot

Abstract

The models used to evaluate the interaction effect between genotype and environment were the AMMI and the GGE biplot. AMMI analysis (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) is useful for evaluating the interaction between genotypes and environments and for recommending genotypes with superior performance. The GGE biplot method is useful for the identification of mega-environments for the indication of genotypes with specific adaptability and the difference between these two methods is in the initial stage, in which the AMMI model separates the additive effects (G) from the multiplicative effects (GE) while the GGE biplot method does not separate them. The data are from the CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center) and are related to an inbred recombinant line, being the crossing of two wheat varieties: SYN-D and Weebill 1. The environments are characterized as drought (water stress), heat (heat stress) and the two conditions together, drought + heat (water and heat stress), in two different periods. With these data, using the AMMI and GGE biplot methods, it was possible to explore the interaction between genotype and environment, assess the adaptability and stability of genotypes, identify relationships between genotypes and environments, and indicate superior genotypes. The GGE biplot model also made it possible to delineate mega-environments. The two models showed similar results in the evaluation of genotypes.