Conhecimento de enfermeiros sobre saúde bucal da gestante e sua relação com prematuridade e baixo peso ao nascer

Abstract

Birth weight is an indicator of health status at birth. Infection is a major cause that contributes to premature and low birth weight , but other factors have been linked to preterm neonates and low birth weight : maternal age , genitourinary infections , inadequate prenatal care , drug use , alcohol , smoking, hypertension , diabetes , multiple pregnancies . More recently, periodontal disease has been cited as a risk factor. In prenatal care, whether in public or private service , is the moment when you should make changes in pregnant women , since pregnancy makes women more receptive to acquire new habits that will reflect in promoting oral health of their children. It is up to nurses and other members of the healthcare team to motivate this pregnant oral health care. The objective of this research is to assess the level of nursing knowledge on this low weight ratio at birth, prematurity and oral diseases, outlining the role that nurses can play in improving the oral health of pregnant women. This is an exploratory descriptive study with a quantitative approach, performed in public health facilities Barra of Garças and Pontal of Araguaia - MT. After informed consent, were collected by means of a non- identified and self - reported questionnaire data on the knowledge and practices in relation to oral health care. Of the 22 health facilities visited, one had no nurses and three were on vacation and three could not respond and 23 of them completed the questionnaire with closed questions and the results were evaluated. The mean age was 32 years, and most women (81 %). Approximately 52.2 % received no information about oral health care during their training or in later courses. 52 % believe that periodontal disease had a relationship with prematurity and low birth weight, and yet only 43,5 % were dental evaluation in pregnant women and 39 % were heading to the dentist. The results show the need for better guidance on specific care in preparatory courses, implementation and evaluation of oral health of pregnant women for the multidisciplinary team protocols.