Avaliação das práticas adotadas nos planos de fechamento de mina no estado de Mato Grosso

Abstract

Mine abandonment was once common, but today there are regulations that require adequate planning, such as the degraded areas recovery plan (PRAD) and the mine closure plan (PFM). The PFM includes actions to deactivate and stabilize the area, preparing it for future uses. Therefore, planning must begin at the initial project stage and be continually adapted throughout the mine's useful life, in order to meet new operational conditions and changes in legislation. The objective of the study was to analyze the implementation of mine closure plans in the state of Mato Grosso, making a practical comparison with what is required in the PFM provided for in the Brazilian constitution, and suggesting improvements for the management of these areas. The study was carried out using two EIA/RIMAS, from Mina União, from the company Fides Gold Mineradora S.A., and the Matupá Project, from the company Aura Minerals, which are available on the SEMA – MT website and ANM Resolution 68/2021 and Decree 10.965/2022, which already deal specifically with mine closure planning in Brazil. Divided into three stages, first a review of the literature on the Mine Closure Plan was carried out, two case studies in the state of Mato Grosso were analyzed and finally an assessment was made of the compliance of the studied plans with the current legislation. The analyzed mine closure plans, in general, met the requirements of the mine closure plan provided for in the constitution, but some points such as the financial programming of the closure and isolation of the area were not met. These points are very relevant since they provide stability for the company at the time of closure and prevent accidents within the mine area.