Abordagem experimental de baixo custo a partir das questões de Física do ENEM 2023

Abstract

This course completion work (TCC) addresses the implementation of low-cost experimental approaches, based on Physics questions from ENEM 2023, aiming to improve the learning of this subject in high school. Initially, an analysis of the history of education in Brazil is presented, highlighting the emergence of the National High School Exam (ENEM) and the importance of theoretical and experimental Physics in the school curriculum. The difficulties faced in teaching Physics are discussed, especially with regard to experimentation, highlighting the importance of low-cost solutions to overcome such challenges. The methodology adopted involved the development of simple and accessible experiment proposals, aligned with the specific demands of the ENEM 2023 Physics questions. The results obtained demonstrated that the proposed experiments are viable and effective for understanding the concepts covered in the exam, in addition to which can significantly contribute to improving student learning. It is concluded, therefore, that the use of low-cost experimental approaches, adapted to the needs of ENEM, can be an effective strategy to promote the learning of Physics in high school.