A criação de unidade de conservação na região arqueológica de Central (BA): um avanço necessário para a preservação histórica e ambiental

Abstract

The emergence of human life on Earth and its evolutionary process raise a series of questions and fascinations, especially in localities such as the city of Central, Bahia. This region is notable for housing an important archaeological site, whose discoveries have significantly contributed to Brazilian science and the understanding of human history. However, despite its relevance, Central faces operational and social challenges that threaten the preservation of its historical heritage. Issues such as a lack of resources allocated for conservation, limited community awareness about the importance of cultural heritage, and the omission of effective public policies have created a worrying scenario for the integrity of these archaeological sites. In this context, the present work seeks to address this issue by proposing the filing of a Public Civil Action, a legal instrument provided for in Law No. 7,347/85. This legislation outlines actions aimed at holding public entities accountable for failing to fulfill their constitutional duty to protect the environment and cultural heritage. The filing of such action is deemed necessary and timely, given the crucial role that the State must play in safeguarding assets that are fundamental to the cultural and historical identity of a nationThe central proposal of this work is the establishment of a Conservation Unit in the municipality of Central, with a focus on the sustainable management and utilization of local resources. Ideally, this unit will not only ensure the protection and preservation of archaeological artifacts but also promote ecological tourism. When properly managed, tourism can become a vehicle for sustainable economic development, providing new job and income opportunities for the local community. Promoting sustainable tourism activities ensures that, while generating economic benefits, the natural and cultural heritage of the region remains intact and respected. Furthermore, this work emphasizes the urgent need for the implementation of efficient and effective public policies aimed at protecting archaeological sites. It is essential for the local community to actively participate, not only as beneficiaries of conservation actions but also as managers of these resources. Raising awareness among the population about the importance of heritage is fundamental to promoting a development model that reconciles environmental sustainability with social inclusion. By involving the community in resource management, a sense of belonging and collective responsibility is fostered.The constitutional principles that guide the protection of the environment and the preservation of cultural heritage must be the foundational pillars of any proposed action to guarantee the safeguarding of these resources. This work suggests that, through a joint effort involving government, civil society, and educational institutions, it is possible to create an environment in which the history and culture of Central are preserved, respected, and appreciated by both residents and visitors. In summary, ensuring the protection of the archaeological sites and cultural heritage of Central is not merely a matter of historical preservation but an investment in identity, sustainable development, and well-being for future generations. Thus, this work proposes the need for immediate and collaborative action so that the past can continue to enrich the present and future of the local community.