Germinação de soja em diferentes condições de umidade do solo e profundidade de semeadura

Abstract

Currently, there is much discussion about seed quality and there is great difficulty in reconciling standard germination tests carried out in laboratories with tests carried out in seedbeds on properties. This is mainly because these tests are carried out in environments with temperature and humidity control that exposes the seed to appropriate temperature and humidity conditions for maximum germination efficiency and vigor. Furthermore, there is no minimum soil moisture value to start sowing and how much this moisture available in the soil will influence the emergence of normal seedlings amidst the climatic stress of the crop. Given this scenario, this study aimed to evaluate the germination of soybean seeds under different humidity conditions and sowing depth. For this, the germination of soybean seeds was evaluated in four moisture ranges and three depth ranges. The following parameters were evaluated: final emergence, emergence speed index, average emergence time and emergence speed. The collected data were subjected to the Shapiro-Wilk test to verify normality, subsequently, the ANOVA test and Tukey test were performed with a significance 5%. For statistical analyzes the Sisvar software was used. It was possible to observe that the lowest sowing depths showed a better performance in the emergence of soybean seedlings, as well as the greater humidity range demonstrated the best results among the variables used. Thus, it was concluded that tests in beds and sowing in the field with humidity close to field capacity and sowing depth less than 4 cm lead to better final emergence, shorter average emergence time and higher average emergence speed.