Produtividade de soja e milho submetidos à inoculação e coinoculação de Bradyrhizobium japonicum e Azospirillum brasilense no Noroeste de Mato Grosso

Abstract

Brazil is one of the world's main producers of grains and soybeans (Glycine max) and corn (Zea mays) are the main crops grown in the state of Mato Grosso. As a legume, soy demands high amounts of nitrogen (N) in its fertilization, however, the crop is able to symbiosize with bacteria, such as Bradyrhizobium and Azospirillum, which develop the Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF), which is responsible for more than 80% of the N accumulated by the plant. While in corn culture, nitrogen is required in significant amounts and as an alternative to increase the efficiency of nitrogen fertilization, it has the ability to perform symbiosis with bacteria of the genus Azospirillum. Based on this, the present study sought to verify the effects of inoculation and co-inoculation practices of Bradyrhizobium and Azospirillum in soybean and corn cultures in order to maintain or increase agricultural production in a sustainable way in the northwestern region of the state of Mato Grosso. Through this study, it was observed in soybean culture that inoculation with Azospirillum was the determining factor for increased productivity generating an increase of approximately 2.51%, while in corn culture it was observed that the treatments subjected to the residual effect of soybean treatments that received Bradyrhizobium inoculation at planting + Azospirillum coinoculation at planting and reinoculation with Azospirillum in corn resulted in an increase of approximately 24% compared to the other treatments.