Produtividade do milho e atributos do solo sob doses de calcário

Abstract

Despite the base saturation method having adequate grounds, the calculated values may be underestimating the real amount of limestone in the soil, due to the fact that the criteria were based on the conventional planting system. Therefore, it is necessary to improve or elaborate a factor that increases the accuracy of the method. In this way, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of liming on the chemical attributes of the soil and to determine the effect of limestone in the soil after 4 years of reaction in the corn crop (Zea mays L.), as well as to determine the productivity, and the production components of culture. The experiment was carried out during the 2021/2022 agricultural season, in the experimental area of the Tassiana farm, located at the geographic coordinates 12° 01' 14.8” S and 55° 30' 12.9” W. The soil is classified as Dystrophic Red-Yellow Latosol ( LVAd). Plots were delimited by 10 x 8m using a randomized block design, with four replications and 13 treatments, ranging from 0 (control) to 12.34 t ha-1 of limestone. The hybrid corn Pioneer - P3707VYH was used. The following production components were evaluated: ear per hectare, number of grains per ear, ear diameter, ear length, thousand-grain mass and grain yield. The chemical properties of the soil in the 0.00-0.20 m layer were evaluated: pH (H2O), Ca, Mg, (Al+ H), V% and the relationships between the bases. The Ca and Mg percentage method provided the best balance in the Ca and Mg ratios in the soil when compared to a single application of only one type of limestone. The single application of calcitic limestone increased Ca levels and caused a decrease in Mg in the soil. Lime applications did not influence grain yield and agronomic characteristics for the fourth year of evaluation, except for ear diameter