O uso do cinema como fonte histórica no ensino de história : possibilidades e desafios

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the use of cinema as a historical source in history teaching. To do this, we used bibliographical and theoretical-methodological references, which made it possible to observe the use of cinema as a historical source in the teaching of History. In addition to observing the different approaches to the use of cinema in the classroom by teachers in the teaching and learning relationship. Cinema initially emerged as a means of entertainment and cultural propagation at the beginning of the 20th century. Over the years, however, cinema has been incorporated into society, whether for commercial, political, cultural, educational or, above all, social entertainment purposes. Because it encompasses so many important social elements, cinema has become a means of understanding society, its customs, its politics and other social elements of its time. In history, cinema was introduced as a source in a process of reconfiguration in its historiography. Because before the historiography of the Annales, properly speaking the Nouvelle histoire - cinema itself was not considered a source, because the document with historical value was still linked to the State. The official document, linked to institutions, had great symbolic value for the construction of a narrative, or collective memory, and this is one of the main factors why sources were linked to the state, so that it could maintain its narratives. It is precisely this positivist method of Methodical School meant that for a long time we excluded some sources that could be used to explain historical and social events. As a result of this methodological change in the field of history writing, cinema and other social objects became historical sources. These new sources have changed the historiographical and pedagogical field of history, as they have opened up a range of possibilities in the making of history, both in the act of researching and teaching history.