Paternidade e o Autocuidado Masculino, A : um estudo de método misto

Abstract

Introduction: The concept of self-care takes place through a set of measures to be taken individually and daily in search of physical, emotional, cultural and socioeconomic well-being, and has the objective of maintaining one's own health, as well as preventing and treating illnesses. Men are not encouraged to self-care and therefore develop higher risk behavior and less self-care, thus affecting the exercise of fatherhood that requires, in addition to attitudes of affection, knowledge to perform basic care with the child, such as food, hygiene, security and education. Objective: Understand the perception of men/fathers about fatherhood and analyze how it interferes with paternal self-care. Methodology: This is a descriptive and exploratory study using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, forming a mixed method study. Data collection was carried out through the Partner Father's Prenatal Consultation using the "Data collection instrument for nursing consultation on men's health care, based on Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory" and for the investigation of the experience of fatherhood, a semi-structured questionnaire was applied with questions to deepen the phenomenon in question. Quantitative data were analyzed using absolute and relative frequency and qualitative data were analyzed using the content analysis technique. Results: The population of this study consisted of 9 young men/fathers aged between 23 and 40 years; pardos; in stable union; with complete high school; who already had children and were active in the field of service provision. Among the universal requirements, the presence of alcoholism and smoking stood out; change in BMI; blood pressure and sleep and rest patterns. Among the development requirements, the presence of automobile accidents (motorcycle) stood out. Among the health deviations, it was observed that the selfperception of men/fathers was altered; with mood swings and difficulties in coping with situations that may affect health. The self-care deficit of men/fathers were classified as Support and Education requiring guidance on health and self-care. There was a prioritization of work in relation to self-care as a justification for not performing self-care. Regarding fatherhood, although studies show that fatherhood and the partner's prenatal care have a positive influence on the man's health, fathers report that there was no influence on self-care after they found out they were going to be a father. Furthermore, the men/fathers did not know the Father/partner's Prenatal Strategy and justified lack of time as obstacles to participating in prenatal care. Conclusion: It is concluded that the men/fathers in this study have a self-care deficit, requiring health guidelines to help them adhere to self-care practices and that the fact that they became fathers did not influence the way they practice their selfcare, since prioritize work to the detriment of their self-care and fatherhood.