Diagnóstico prévio da vegetação nativa na Fazenda Vale do Sonho, Marcelândia – MT : subsídios à conservação e à restauração florestal

Abstract

Environmental degradation occurs on a large scale and its causes can be due to anthropic or natural phenomena, requiring ecological restoration with techniques that assist in the recovery success. The general objective is to carry out the diagnosis and characterization of the native vegetation at Fazenda Vale do Sonho, in the municipality of Marcelândia - MT to subsidize forest conservation and restoration. For the environmental diagnosis, a field visit was conducted, in which fragments were photographed and identified with their respective potentials for natural regeneration and degradation, anthropogenic disturbances (forest fires), area occupation, and characteristics of native vegetation. For the floristic survey, the walking method was used. Aspects for subsidies are composition of native vegetation, state of conservation, potential for natural regeneration and degradation, and history of land use. The species were classified according to their origin, dispersion syndrome and ecological group. Three fragments with low, medium and high regeneration potential were studied. 535 individuals were sampled, belonging to 132 species, represented by 38 families. The families most represented by number of species are Fabaceae (12 spp), Burseraceae (11), Melastomataceae (9), followed by Annonaceae (8) and Myrtaceae (7). The dominant dispersion syndrome is zoochory (53.94%), followed by anemochory (10.52%), barochory and autochory together representing 7.89%. As for the ecological groups, the highest percentage was of pioneer species (32.43%) and early secondary (16.22%), followed by late secondary (13.51%), climax (10.81%). As for the origin of the species concentrated in the Midwest, 50.66% are native species.