Biomarcadores para diagnóstico e monitoramento da progressão da doença renal em felinos : revisão de literatura e relato de caso

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common diseases affecting small animals, especially felines, and is responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality. This is due to its progressive and irreversible nature, which compromises treatment, especially in felines that mask clinical signs. In this sense, there is a clear need to establish an early clinical diagnosis with the aid of complementary tests, especially renal biomarkers, which identify the severity of the kidney injury and the increase in the staging of the disease concomitantly with the clinical signs presented by the patient. Therefore, the objective of this study was to conduct a literature review on the different biomarkers used to identify and monitor renal function in felines. In addition, the objective was to include the case report of a ten-year-old female cat, of no defined breed, treated at the Small Animal Medical Clinic Sector of the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (HOVET-UFMT), Cuiabá campus, with a history of CKD for one year, stage 4 (IRIS). On physical examination, the animal presented 7% dehydration, hypothermia and depressed mental state. However, there were no significant improvements with supportive care and, above all, considering the chronicity of the disease, euthanasia was chosen. Thus, given the report, it is clear that it is essential for the clinician to know the different forms of detection in felines to improve the quality of life and provide increased survival even in the final stages of chronic kidney disease.