Análise espaço-temporal do desmatamento na região Centro-Norte de Mato Grosso

Abstract

The Center-North region of Mato Grosso is entirely formed by the Amazon biome, the largest tropical forest biome in the world, which over the last two decades has suffered several losses in its forest cover. Thus, studies that analyze the extent and duration of this degradation are necessary. The objective of this work was to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of legal and illegal deforestation in the Center-North region of the state of Mato Grosso from 2003 to 2019. Through the ArcGis 10.2 software, it was possible to analyze the difference between areas of deforestation with authorization of the deforestation detected in the MapBiomas mapping. The effective deforestation polygons with Deforestation Authorizations provided by SEMA and the deforestation polygons from the MapBiomas mapping were inserted in the Center-North area of Mato Grosso and the resulting difference between them was considered to determine illegal deforestation. Concomitantly, suppression data in areas of environmental protection were analyzed. Regarding the forest cover at the beginning and end of the analyzed period, there was a loss of vegetation of 15.7%, and in all the analyzed transition years, illegal deforestation was detected in the protected areas. Of the total area of 10,467.97 km² of deforestation detected during the transitions, 393.04 km² were authorized and 10,074.92 km² illegal, of this last group, about 23.3% were areas destined for agriculture and 76.6% for livestock. . It is concluded that despite reducing over the years, the areas of suppressed vegetation are still extensive in the Center-North region of Mato Grosso, 1,716.52 km² between 2003 and 2004, and 454.25 km² between 2018 and 2019, areas of protection are not exempt from deforestation, and the livestock sector is most responsible for this activity.